The papers of Robert D. Blue date from 1934 to 1976 and consist of approximately 42 linear feet of papers, scrapbooks, and sound recordings documenting his political career as governor of Iowa and beyond. It is arranged in six series: 1) Correspondence 2) Election and campaign material; 3) Iowa state departments; 4) General subject files; 5) Later career, and; 6) Memorabilia.

The correspondence series contains letters from Paul H. Cunningham, J.N. Darling, Thomas E. Dewey, Bourke B. Hickenlooper, Charles B. Hoeven, Herschel C. Loveless, Fred Schwengel, Henry O. Talle, Earl Warren, and George A. Wilson. The election and campaign section includes material relating to the Republican parties and specific campaigns. Some of the state departments and commissions that are documented include the Department of Public Safety, the Highway Commission, the Liquor Control Commission, and the Iowa Commission on the Aging.