Fernando Segolin contributed a long introductory essay about de Melo e Castro's poems. The first concrete poems in Portugal appeared in 1962 in a book entitled "Ideogramas." -- Source of annotation: Marvin or Ruth Sackner.

Given to the Sackners at the Yale University Portuguese Concrete Poetry Symposium (1995) organized by Keith Jackson and Johanna Drucker. De Melo e Castro utilized typewritten punctuations, brackets, and parentheses of different dimensions among the words to cause the reader to interact with his/her own words thereby creating another meaning. -- Source of annotation: Marvin or Ruth Sackner.

Surprisingly, there is no explcit information about concrete poetry in this book. -- Source of annotation: Marvin or Ruth Sackner.

A table of chronology of Portuguese concrete poetry included in this book indicates that it began in 1962 with publication of de Melo e Castro's book, "Ideogramas." The book reprints texts and correspondence from the early days of concrete poetry in Portugal. -- Source of annotation: Marvin or Ruth Sackner.

This book is a history of Portuguese poetry. -- Source of annotation: Marvin or Ruth Sackner.

This book presents a sampling of the different approaches to concrete poetry and visual art employed by De Melo e Castro. There are several rubberstamped poems reproduced in this book including one in color. -- Source of annotation: Marvin or Ruth Sackner.